Siena

Siena (Italian pronunciation: [ˈsjɛːna]; inward English linguistic communication likewise spelled Sienna, the historic exonym) is a urban marrow inward Tuscany, Italy. It is the uppercase of the tell of Siena.

The historic centre of Siena has been declared past times UNESCO a World Heritage Site. It is 1 of the nation's most visited tourist attractions, amongst over 163,000 international arrivals inward 2008. Siena is famous for its cuisine, art, museums, medieval cityscape as well as the Palio, a Equus caballus race held twice yearly.

Piazza del Campo.
Main sights
Siena's cathedral (Duomo), begun inward the twelfth century, is 1 of the peachy examples of Italian Romanesque-Gothic architecture. Its chief façade was completed inward 1380. It is odd for a cathedral inward that its axis runs north-south. This is because it was originally intended to live on the largest cathedral inward the world, amongst a north-south transept as well as an east-west nave, equally is usual. After the completion of the transept as well as the edifice of the due east wall (which notwithstanding exists as well as may live on climbed past times the populace via an internal staircase) the coin ran out as well as the balance of the cathedral was abandoned.

Façade of the Palazzo Pubblico (town hall) during the Palio days.

Inside is the famous Gothic octagonal pulpit past times Nicola Pisano (1266–1268) supported on lions, as well as the labyrinth inlaid inward the flooring, traversed past times penitents on their knees. Within the Sacristy are roughly perfectly preserved renaissance frescos past times Domenico Ghirlandaio, and, beneath the Duomo, inward the baptistry is the baptismal font amongst bas-reliefs past times Donatello, Lorenzo Ghiberti, Jacopo della Quercia as well as other 15th century sculptors. The Museo dell'Opera del Duomo contains Duccio's famous Maestà (1308–1311) as well as diverse other plant past times Sienese masters. More Sienese paintings are to live on institute inward the Pinacoteca, e.g. 13th century plant past times Diotisalvi di Speme.

The historic centre dominated past times the Duomo.

The shell-shaped Piazza del Campo, the town square, which houses the Palazzo Pubblico as well as the Torre del Mangia, is roughly other architectural treasure, as well as is famous for hosting the Palio Equus caballus race. The Palazzo Pubblico, itself a peachy run of architecture, houses yet roughly other of import fine art museum. Included inside the museum is Ambrogio Lorenzetti's serial of frescos on the adept regime as well as the results of adept as well as bad regime as well as likewise roughly of the finest frescoes of Simone Martini as well as Pietro Lorenzetti.

The Cathedral of Siena.

On the Piazza Salimbeni is the Palazzo Salimbeni, a notable edifice as well as likewise the medieval headquarters of Monte dei Paschi di Siena, 1 of the oldest banks inward continuous beingness as well as a major thespian inward the Sienese economy.

Housed inward the notable Gothic Palazzo Chigi on Via di Città is the Accademia Musicale Chigiana, Siena's conservatory of music.

Piazza Salimbeni.
Other churches inward the urban marrow include:

l   Basilica dell'Osservanza
l   Santa Maria dei Servi
l   San Domenico
l   San Francesco
l   Santo Spirito
l   San Martino
l   Sanctuary of Santa Caterina, incorporating the quondam trouble solid of St. Catherine of Siena. It houses the miraculous Crucifix (late twelfth century) from which the saint received her stigmata, as well as a 15th century statue of St. Catherine.
The city's gardens include the Orto Botanico dell'Università di Siena, a botanical garden maintained past times the University of Siena.

The Medicean Fortress houses the Enoteca Italiana as well as the Siena Jazz School, amongst courses as well as concerts all the yr long as well as a major festival during the International Siena Jazz Masterclasses. Over 2 weeks to a greater extent than than xxx concerts as well as jam sessions are held inward the 2 major town squares, on the terrace inward front end of the Enoteca, inward the gardens of the Contrade clubs, as well as inward numerous historical towns as well as villages of the Siena province. Siena is likewise abode of Sessione Senese per la Musica e l'Arte (SSMA), a summertime music programme for musicians, is a fun/learning musical summertime experience.

Church of San Domenico

In the neighbourhood are numerous patrician villa, numerous of which attributed to Baldassarre Peruzzi:

l   Villa Chigi
l   Castle of Belcaro
l   Villa Celsa
l   Villa Cetinale
l   Villa Volte Alte

View from the Campanile
Transport
The nearest international airports to Siena are Peretola Airport inward Florence as well as Galileo Galilei International Airport inward Pisa.

Siena tin live on reached past times prepare from both Pisa as well as Florence, changing at Empoli. Siena railway station is located at the bottom of a long loma exterior the urban marrow walls, as well as travellers amongst luggage should await for a taxi or motorbus (from the halt contrary the station).

Buses exit from Piazza Gramsci, located inside the urban marrow walls. Buses are available straight to as well as from Florence, a 1 hr trip, equally good equally from Rome (three hours), Milan (four as well as a one-half hours), as well as from diverse other towns inward Tuscany as well as beyond.

Madonna as well as Child amongst saints polyptych past times Duccio di Buoninsegna (1311–1318).

By road, Siena is linked to Florence past times a "superstrada" (the Raccordo Autostradale RA03 – Siena-Firenze), a cast of toll costless autostrada, albeit amongst narrower lanes, amongst a less good maintained surface as well as sharper bends. The superstrada to Florence is indicated on roughly route signs amongst the letters SI-FI, recalling the pre-1994 license-plate designations. H5N1 continuation of the same 4 lane route to the due south due east is nether structure as well as volition when completed facilitate the drive towards Perugia as well as Rome. However, drivers should live on aware that nigh no traffic is permitted inside the urban marrow centre. Several large motorcar parks are located at 1 time exterior the urban marrow walls. The "La Fortezza" motorcar commons is closest to the centre, as well as is costless of charge. Commercial traffic is permitted inside the urban marrow solely during the morn hours, piece inward the afternoon pedestrians dominate.











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